When you see a universe named after not one, not two but three dead European scholastic physicists run not just walk.

Friedman was a Russian meteorologist who first suggested an expanding universe with positive spatial curvature (k=+1) and non zero cosmological constant. He derived the models “as a mathematical exercise rather than a model of the real universe.” So Friedman’s contribution to the FRW universe is that some term in the mathematical model may be +1.

What is Robertson’s contribution? Robertson summarizes his contribution this way: “The idealized cosmological problem, in which the nebulae are considered as particles in homogeneous flow, is analyzed from the standpoint of the operational methodology, allowing the fundamental observers the use only of clocks, theodolites and light signals.”

The general relativistic observers no longer are required to carry theodolites with them now they use GPS, the theodolite is no longer a sine qua non of a Robertson universe.

Robertson continues: “The increased knowledge of the structure, distribution, and radial motion of extragalactic nebulae, which has been amassed during the past decade, has brought about a renewed interest in cosmological speculation.” Robertson sees cosmology as speculation.

And what mathematical model Robertson prefers to speculate about the cosmos? He chooses the “least ad hoc” of these speculations which is “that offshoot of Einstein’s relativistic theory of gravitation….” Robertson calls General Relativity an ad hoc speculation (albeit, less ad hoc than other speculations).

What is the purpose of this ad hoc speculation? “It seeks to develop from the general theory of relativity an idealized universe suitable for the gross description of the observed nebular phenomena.”

How does it do this? “This is accomplished with the aid of a general a priori uniformity postulate” which is the cosmological principle. Robertson says that he is studying “the problem of determining the most general kinematical background suitable for an idealized universe in which the cosmological principle holds.”

Therefore, the fundamental premise of the Robertson universe is that it is based on the Cosmological Principle. But it has been shown that the cosmological principle is an anthropocentric principle.

And what is the contribution of Walker? He writes: “Out of all possible material systems, we know consider only those which satisfy the cosmological principle.” So Walkerian universe is also based on the Cosmological Principle.

Then, we have a definition for the FRW universe:

FRW universe is an ad hoc speculation based on an a priori anthropocentric principle.

This is how the creators of the FRW define their universe. This is also the definition of cosmology.

We note that the definition of what cosmologist studies contains the words: ad hoc speculation, a priori, and anthropocentric.

It is clear that FRW universe is an anthropocentric truncation of the universe, i.e. a cosmos. Therefore, contrary to what the cosmologist claims, he does not study a physical entity but a cosmos that he invented himself, he is the pre-scientific mythmaker.

This short visit to the archives makes several things about physics and cosmology clearer: they are scholastic disciplines based on pre-scientific principles.

Note that just about 50 years ago physicists were so naïve and frank about what they do. No physicist today would use the word speculate about his work, he would use technical words like, toy model and scenario, for instance.

Note also the perception of general relativity as what it really is, an ad hoc speculation of some European petit bourgeois scholastic with megalomaniacal tendencies. These physicists use it as mathematical playground to do some mathematical exercise.

Again and again, we see that physicists are scholastics and they avail themselves of all the traditional scholastic methods.

Scholastic physicists turned FRW universe into a substanceless form. Just mentioning the label FRW along with the formal substanceless equations associated with it combined with other buzzwords culled from the literature will make a perfect cosmological paper. This was done as a parody a few years ago, and no one noticed for a while that it was a parody.

It seems that first time in the history of mankind, after Thales, after the realization that a scientific knowledge as opposed to the mythological knowledge, humans are going through such a dark period when science is totally absent and scientific free thinking is absent.

Technology, and craft and art exist, but the free science as opposed to the faith knowledge is crushed by cosmology, physics and technology. Citizens do not care, because the primitive European society is based on the model developed by the European peasant which places faith-based authoritative bureaucracy at the center of weight of society and any kind of freedom and free thinking is killed at first sight.